Na-Adjectives　

ナ形容詞・いAい

1. Definition

な adjectives (なけいようし) are a type of adjective in Japanese used to modify nouns. Unlike い adjectives, な adjectives require the addition of “な” when modifying a noun.

2. Structure

Structure	Example	Translation
Basic form	静か（しずか）な	Quiet
Modifying a noun	静かな場所（しずかなばしょ）	Quiet place
Past form	静かだった	Was quiet
Negative form	静かではない	Is not quiet

3. Usage Explanation

Modifying Nouns:
- When modifying a noun, な adjectives precede it with “な,” as in 「きれいな花」 (a beautiful flower).
Connecting to Verbs:
- In sentences, they can be directly followed by “だ” or “です” to indicate a state or judgment, as in 「彼は静かだ」 (He is quiet).
Forming Negatives and Past Tenses:
- The negative form is “ではない” or “じゃない,” and the past form is “だった.”

4. Example Sentences

この部屋は静かです。
This room is quiet.
彼女はきれいなドレスを着ています。
She is wearing a beautiful dress.
彼は親切な人です。
He is a kind person.
この料理は簡単です。
This dish is easy.
この音楽は素敵です。
This music is wonderful.

5. Notes

There is a clear distinction between な adjectives and い adjectives, especially in modifying nouns where “な” must be added.
In spoken language, “だ” may be omitted, but it is usually kept in written language.

6. Summary

な adjectives are used in Japanese to modify nouns, emphasizing description and state. Mastering their usage and forms is crucial for improving Japanese expression. Through practical example sentences, one can become more proficient in using な adjectives for communication.