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Japanese Verb た-Form

V-た・動詞過去形・どうしかこけい

1. Definition

The past tense form (た形) in Japanese is used to indicate that an action has already taken place, expressing that a certain action or state was completed in the past.

2. Structure

The past tense form is constructed differently depending on the verb type. In general, the dictionary form of a verb changes into a "た" or "だ" form according to specific rules.

2.1. Group 1 Verbs (Godan Verbs)

For Group 1 verbs, the past form depends on the final kana of the verb's dictionary form.

2.2. Group 2 Verbs (Ichidan Verbs)

2.3. Irregular Verbs

3. Usage

4. Example Sentences

  1. 昨日、友達と話した。
    I talked with a friend yesterday.

  2. 朝ごはんを食べた。
    I ate breakfast.

  3. 彼は遅刻した。
    He was late.

  4. 犬が部屋で遊んだ。
    The dog played in the room.

  5. 今日は学校に行った。
    I went to school today.

5. Important Notes

6. Summary

The past tense form (た形) is widely used in Japanese to describe actions and states that have occurred or been completed in the past. Each verb group follows specific rules for past tense conjugation, making it important to understand the structure of the verb to apply the appropriate change.