Japanese Plain Form

PI・普通形・ふつうけい

1. What is Plain Form?

Plain form (ふつうけい) refers to the basic forms of verbs, adjectives, and nouns, typically used in informal situations. The plain form includes the dictionary form (the basic form of verbs and adjectives) and the basic form of nouns, widely used in everyday conversations.

2. Structure of Plain Form

2.1 Plain Form of Verbs

The plain form of verbs is divided into three categories:

Verb Type	Structure	Example
Group 1 Verbs	Remain unchanged	書く（かく） - to write
		飲む（のむ） - to drink
		話す（はなす） - to speak
Group 2 Verbs	Remain unchanged	食べる（たべる） - to eat
		見る（みる） - to see
Irregular Verbs	Remain unchanged	する（する） - to do
		来る（くる） - to come

2.2 Plain Form of Adjectives

Adjective Type	Structure	Example
い Adjectives	Remain unchanged	高い（たかい） - high
		面白い（おもしろい） - interesting

2.3 Plain Form of Nouns

Noun Type	Structure	Example
Nouns	Basic form of nouns	学生（がくせい） - student
		本（ほん） - book

3. Usage of Plain Form

The plain form is mainly used in informal communication settings, such as conversations with friends and family.
It is also suitable for casual written expressions, such as relaxed articles or personal diaries.

4. Example Sentences

Here are some examples of how to use the plain form:

Verbs:
- 彼は日本に行く。
  (He is going to Japan.)
Adjectives:
- この映画は面白い。
  (This movie is interesting.)
Nouns:
- 私は学生です。
  (I am a student.)

5. Important Notes

In formal settings, it is important to use keigo (敬語) or polite form to express a more courteous tone.
The plain form is commonly used to express personal opinions, feelings, or daily activities.

6. Summary

The plain form is the basic form of verbs, adjectives, and nouns in Japanese, widely used in informal communication. Mastering the plain form helps in making daily conversations smoother and more natural.