〜ので

because; since; as

1. Overview

The phrase "〜ので" is a conjunction in Japanese used to express reason or cause. It indicates that the statement before "ので" is the reason for the statement that follows. It is considered a more polite and softer way to express causation compared to "だから."

2. Structure

3. Usage Explanation

• Connection:

  • "ので" follows the plain form of verbs, adjectives, and nouns, linking a reason to a result.

• Usage:

  • This structure is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to explain reasons or causes.

• Translation:

  • It can be translated as "because," "since," or "as."

4. Example Sentences

1. 仕事が忙しいので、遅れます。
   (Since I’m busy with work, I will be late.)

2. 彼は風邪をひいたので、学校を休みました。
   (He took a day off from school because he caught a cold.)

3. この本は面白いので、もう一度読みたいです。
   (This book is interesting, so I want to read it again.)

4. 運転中なので、後でかけなおします。
   (I’ll call you back later because I’m driving.)

5. 英語が得意なので、通訳の仕事をしています。
   (I’m good at English, so I work as an interpreter.)

5. Similar Grammar

• 〜だから: A more casual way to express the same meaning, often used in informal situations.

  • Example: 雨が降っているから、行きません。

• 〜ため: More formal and can be used to express purpose as well as cause.

  • Example: 勉強するため、図書館に行きます。

6. Notes

• Politeness:

  • "ので" is often used in polite conversations and can soften the tone of the statement.

• Context of Use:

  • Suitable for both formal and informal contexts, making it versatile for various situations.

7. Summary

The structure "〜ので" is a useful conjunction for expressing reasons or causes in Japanese. Its polite nature makes it a preferred choice in many conversational contexts, allowing for clear communication of rationale behind actions or decisions.