〜なさい

Please...; Make sure to...; Do... (imperative form)

1. Overview

「〜なさい」is an imperative expression used to give instructions or commands to others. It carries a strong tone and is often used when addressing someone of lower status or younger age.

2. Structure

• Grammar Structure:

  • Verb (masu form) minus 「ます」 + なさい

• Explanation: This structure is primarily used to provide suggestions, commands, or guidance to others, typically in formal or polite contexts.

3. Usage Explanation

• Connection: 「〜なさい」is commonly used in both spoken and written language to convey commands or requests directly.

• Translation: Generally translated as "Please..." or "Make sure to...".

4. Example Sentences

1. 早く宿題をしなさい。
   Please do your homework quickly.

2. ここで静かにしなさい。
   Please be quiet here.

3. お皿を洗いなさい。
   Please wash the dishes.

4. 勉強をしなさい、そうしないと試験に合格できないよ。
   Please study; otherwise, you won't pass the exam.

5. 部屋を掃除しなさい。
   Please clean your room.

5. Alternative Grammar

• 〜なければならない: Indicates that something must be done, with a stronger tone.
  • Example: 宿題をしなければならない。
    I must do my homework.

6. Related Grammar

• 〜てください: Used to request someone to do something; comparatively more polite.
  • Example: 宿題をしてください。
    Please do your homework.

7. Notes

• Context: 「〜なさい」is often used in educational settings, by elders giving instructions to juniors, or in workplaces for issuing directives.

• Tone: This expression generally carries a commanding nature and should be used with caution to avoid misunderstanding or offense.

8. Summary

「〜なさい」is a grammatical structure used to express commands or instructions, typically aimed at prompting someone to perform a task. It emphasizes the necessity of carrying out a task and is suitable for more formal communication contexts.