〜をとおして・〜をつうじて

Through...; By means of...

1. Translation

「〜をとおして」 and 「〜をつうじて」 are expressions used to indicate that something is achieved or experienced through a certain means, medium, or process. They can refer to both physical and abstract means.

2. Overview

「〜をとおして」 and 「〜をつうじて」 are used to express the idea of accomplishing or experiencing something through a medium or process. While both are largely interchangeable, 「〜をつうじて」 tends to be used in more formal or written contexts, whereas 「〜をとおして」 is more common in spoken language.

3. Structure

• Grammar structure:

  • Noun + を通して (をとおして)
  • Noun + を通じて (をつうじて)

• Explanation: This structure is used to indicate that something is done through, by means of, or via a particular medium, process, or method.

4. Usage Explanation

• Connection: Both expressions follow a noun and indicate that something is done through a certain medium, method, or process.

• Translation: They are typically translated as "through..." or "by means of...".

5. Example Sentences

1. 彼女は大学生活を通して、多くの経験を積んだ。
   She gained a lot of experience through her university life.

2. 友人を通じて、彼と知り合いました。
   I got to know him through a friend.

3. インターネットを通して、世界中の情報が手に入る。
   You can obtain information from all over the world through the internet.

4. このプロジェクトを通じて、多くのスキルを学びました。
   I learned many skills through this project.

5. 彼は教師を通じて本を借りた。
   He borrowed a book through his teacher.

6. Alternative Grammar

• 〜によって: Used to indicate that something is achieved by a certain method, means, or cause.
  • Example: 努力によって、彼は成功を収めた。
    Through his efforts, he achieved success.

7. Related Grammar

• 〜のもとで: Emphasizes that something is done under someone's guidance or influence.
  • Example: 彼は先生のもとで学びました。
    He studied under his teacher’s guidance.

8. Key Points to Note

• Context: Both 「〜をとおして」 and 「〜をつうじて」 can be used in formal and informal contexts, but 「〜をつうじて」 is generally more formal.

• Difference: While largely interchangeable, 「〜をつうじて」 is more often used in formal, written expressions.

9. Summary

「〜をとおして」 and 「〜をつうじて」 are used to express that something is accomplished or experienced through a particular medium or process. They are largely interchangeable, but 「〜をつうじて」 is more frequently used in formal or written contexts.