〜だらけ

Full of ~; Covered with ~; Filled with ~

1. Overview

「〜だらけ」 is a grammatical structure used to describe a state in which something is filled or covered with a particular undesirable element. It often indicates a messy, chaotic, or undesirable condition related to objects, emotions, or situations.

2. Structure

• Grammar Structure:

  • Noun + だらけ

• Explanation:

  • 「〜だらけ」 is used to describe a situation where something is filled or covered with a certain substance, usually with a negative connotation, indicating dissatisfaction or displeasure with that state.

3. Usage Explanation

• Describing State: This structure is commonly used to describe a state of disarray, emphasizing that an object or situation is overwhelmed by something undesirable.

• Emotional Expression: It can also be used to describe a chaotic emotional or psychological state, implying negative feelings.

• English Translation: It can be translated as "full of ~," "covered with ~," or "filled with ~."

4. Example Sentences

1. 部屋がゴミだらけだ。
   The room is full of garbage.

2. この本は傷だらけで、読むのが大変だ。
   This book is covered in scratches, making it difficult to read.

3. 彼の部屋は服だらけで、歩くのも大変だ。
   His room is filled with clothes, making it hard to walk.

4. 仕事が忙しくて、ストレスだらけだ。
   I'm overwhelmed with stress because of my busy work.

5. 彼女の顔は涙だらけだった。
   Her face was covered with tears.

5. Key Points to Note

• Typically Negative Connotation: 「〜だらけ」 is often used to describe undesirable or unpleasant things, indicating that the state is bothersome.

• Applicable Scope: This structure can refer to both physical states (like rooms or books) and emotional states (like stress or tears), but it is usually not used to describe positive situations.

6. Similar Grammar

• 〜まみれ: Similar to 「〜だらけ」, but more commonly used to indicate that the surface of an object is covered with a substance, emphasizing messiness or dirtiness.
  • Example: 泥まみれの靴。
    (Shoes covered in mud.)

7. Alternative Grammar

• 〜でいっぱい: While this expression is more neutral and indicates that something is filled with something, it usually doesn't carry the negative connotation of 「〜だらけ」。

  • Example: 部屋が本でいっぱい。
    (The room is full of books.)

• 〜だらけで: This can be used as a supplementary structure with verbs or adjectives to further describe the situation.

  • Example: 彼は借金だらけで苦しんでいる。
    (He is suffering from being overwhelmed with debt.)

8. Summary

「〜だらけ」 is used to describe a state where something is filled with undesirable elements, emphasizing a chaotic or unpleasant condition. It is applicable in various contexts and is typically used for negative descriptions.