〜につき

Due to...; Per...

1. Overview

「〜につき」 has two primary usages:

1. To express cause or reason, explaining the cause of a situation, often used in formal or written contexts.
2. To express per..., used to describe an amount or frequency per unit.

2. Structure

1. Noun + につき
   Used to express the reason for something or the amount per unit.

3. Usage Explanation

1. Cause or Reason
   「〜につき」 is used in formal announcements or notifications to explain the reason for a situation or action.
   Example: 「工事中につき、通行止めです。」
   (Due to construction, the road is closed.)

2. Per...
   Used to describe the amount per unit of something (time, person, etc.).
   Example: 「一時間につき1000円かかります。」
   (It costs 1000 yen per hour.)

4. Example Sentences

1. Cause or Reason

   • 天候不良につき、試合は延期されました。
     Due to bad weather, the match was postponed.

   • 本日は定休日につき、休業いたします。
     Since today is a regular holiday, the store will be closed.

2. Per...

   • 一人につき参加費500円が必要です。
     A participation fee of 500 yen per person is required.

   • このバスは一回の利用につき300円です。
     This bus costs 300 yen per ride.

5. Key Points to Note

1. When expressing a cause or reason, 「〜につき」 is usually seen in formal settings like announcements or public notices.
2. When used for per (e.g., per person, per hour), it describes the cost or amount associated with each unit of measurement.

6. Similar Grammar

• 〜のため: Used to express the reason for something, commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.
  Example: 「天気のため、旅行を中止しました。」
  (The trip was canceled due to the weather.)

• 〜によって: Can express the cause or method of something, with a broader range of usage.
  Example: 「台風によって、電車が止まりました。」
  (Due to the typhoon, the trains stopped running.)

7. Alternative Grammar

• 〜により: Another formal expression for cause, similar to 「〜につき」.
  Example: 「事故により、遅れが発生しました。」
  (Due to the accident, a delay occurred.)

• 〜あたり: Used similarly to 「〜につき」 to mean "per."
  Example: 「一時間あたり500円がかかります。」
  (It costs 500 yen per hour.)

8. Summary

「〜につき」 is a formal grammatical structure used to express cause or specify an amount per unit, often found in announcements and written materials. It can either explain the reason for a situation or indicate per-unit amounts or measurements.