〜のもとで・に

Under the influence of...; Under...

1. Overview

The phrases 「〜のもとで」 and 「〜のもとに」 express that a certain action, state, or activity occurs under specific conditions or environments. They emphasize the presence of guidance, influence, or conditions, often related to education, work, or life situations.

2. Structure

• Noun + のもとで
  • Indicates an action being performed under a specific guidance or condition.
• Noun + のもとに
  • Indicates the existence or occurrence of a state under specific conditions or environments.

3. Usage Explanation

1. Guidance or Influence
   「〜のもとで」 emphasizes actions conducted under the influence of a particular guide, condition, or environment, typically in learning, work, or activities.

2. Existence or State
   「〜のもとに」 emphasizes the existence or state of something under certain conditions or environments, often describing the background or basis of a situation.

4. Example Sentences

1. 彼は優秀な教授のもとで勉強した。
   (He studied under an excellent professor's guidance.)

2. このプロジェクトは、専門家のもとで進められている。
   (This project is being carried out under the guidance of experts.)

3. 新しい法律のもとで、企業はより厳格に規制される。
   (Under the new law, companies will be subject to stricter regulations.)

4. 彼はその経験をもとに新しい計画を立てた。
   (He developed a new plan based on that experience.)

5. Key Points to Note

1. Noun Selection: When using these phrases, it's important to choose appropriate nouns to emphasize the conditions or guides being referred to.
2. Formality: These structures are suitable for formal and written language but are also commonly used in spoken language.

6. Similar Grammar

• 〜のもとにおいて: A more formal expression often used in written language.
  Example: 「このプロジェクトは、国際法のもとにおいて実施される。」
  (This project will be implemented under the framework of international law.)

• 〜の影響で: Emphasizes a certain influence or result.
  Example: 「彼の指導の影響で、私たちは成長した。」
  (Under his guidance, we have grown.)

7. Alternative Grammar

• 〜の指導の下で: Clearly indicates the relationship of guidance.
  Example: 「その課題は、専門家の指導の下で解決された。」
  (That issue was resolved under the guidance of experts.)

• 〜のもとにある: Emphasizes the existence of a state under certain conditions.
  Example: 「この法律は、公共の利益のもとにある。」
  (This law exists based on public interest.)

8. Summary

「〜のもとで」 and 「〜のもとに」 are used to express actions or states occurring under specific guidance, conditions, or environments. They highlight the presence of guidance, influence, or conditions and are often used in formal contexts.