〜からには

Since ~; Now that ~

1. Overview

「〜からには」 is a grammatical structure used to express that given a certain condition or premise, a specific conclusion or action follows. It emphasizes the expectation or obligation that arises from that condition.

2. Structure

• Verb (plain form) + からには
• Noun + である + からには
• Adjective (plain form) + からには

3. Usage Explanation

• Function:
  • This structure is used to indicate that when a certain situation is true, there are implications or responsibilities that come with it. It often conveys a sense of obligation or commitment.
• Usage:
  • It is commonly used in both spoken and written contexts to express reasoning or motivation behind an action based on a previously established condition.

4. Example Sentences

1. 日本に住むからには、日本語を勉強しなければならない。
   (Since I live in Japan, I must study Japanese.)

2. 約束したからには、必ず守ります。
   (Now that I've made a promise, I will definitely keep it.)

3. プロとして活動するからには、責任を持って行動するべきだ。
   (Since I am working as a professional, I should act with responsibility.)

5. Key Points to Note

1. Implied Obligation:

   • This structure emphasizes that the situation requires a certain response or behavior, often suggesting a moral or social obligation.

2. Formality:

   • It is used in both formal and informal settings, making it versatile in conversation and writing.

6. Similar Grammar

• 〜以上は: Similar to「〜からには」, indicating that given a certain condition, a specific expectation follows.
  • Example: 試験を受ける以上は、準備をしなければならない。
    (Since I'm taking the exam, I need to prepare.)

7. Alternative Grammar

• 〜からして: This can also indicate reasoning based on a specific condition, but it focuses more on the basis of the reasoning rather than the obligation.
  • Example: 彼の言葉からして、彼は信頼できる。
    (Based on his words, he is trustworthy.)

8. Summary

「〜からには」 is used to indicate that given a specific situation or premise, there are implications or responsibilities that follow. It conveys the sense of obligation or expectation arising from the condition stated.