〜なり〜なり

Do... or...; Both... and...

1. Overview

「〜なり〜なり」 is a Japanese expression used to list two or more actions, states, or situations. Similar to 「〜たり〜たり」, it emphasizes the variety and selection of these behaviors, typically describing different possible ways or situations.

2. Structure

• Grammar Structure:

  • Noun + なり + Noun + なり
  • Verb (basic form) + なり + Verb (basic form) + なり

• Explanation: This structure is used to enumerate various ways, methods, or states, indicating different options that can be chosen in a specific context.

3. Usage Explanation

• Connection: It can follow nouns or the basic form of verbs, often used to list two or more situations, emphasizing the variety of options.

• Usage: This expression is commonly used to narrate multiple possibilities or choices, highlighting the coexistence of different methods.

• Translation: It can typically be translated as "Do... or...", or "Both... and...".

4. Alternative Grammar

• 〜でも〜でも: Used to express different options, emphasizing variety.

5. Similar Grammar

• 〜つつ: Used to express two actions occurring simultaneously, often used in written language.
• 〜にしても: Indicates that even in a certain situation, other options are available.

6. Key Points to Note

• Uncertainty: When using 「〜なり〜なり」, it usually emphasizes variety and choice, and not all actions may necessarily happen at a specific time.

• Spoken vs. Written: This expression is suitable for both spoken and written language but is more frequently used in everyday conversations.

7. Example Sentences

1. 休日は、買い物なり、映画鑑賞なりしたいです。
   On my days off, I want to go shopping or watch a movie.

2. 旅行先では、観光なり、食事なりを楽しむつもりです。
   During my trip, I plan to enjoy sightseeing or dining.

3. 彼は大学に行くなり、仕事をするなりして、将来を考えている。
   He is considering his future by either going to university or working.

4. 週末は友達と遊ぶなり、家でのんびりするなりします。
   On the weekend, I will either hang out with friends or relax at home.

5. この問題は、文献を読むなり、専門家に相談するなりして解決できます。
   This problem can be solved by either reading literature or consulting an expert.

8. Summary

「〜なり〜なり」 is used to list multiple actions or states, emphasizing the variety of these behaviors. It is suitable for describing the possibilities or choices of various activities, commonly found in everyday conversation, allowing for flexible expression of different situations.